Body and mouthfeel of sugar properties

Beverage finished products contain about 8 - 14% sugar. The sugar not only contributes sweetness and calories t the drink but also contribute body and mouthfeel to beverages and foods.

The addition of sugar makes more vicious or gives it a less consistency. Mouthfeel was defined as those textural attributes of a sugar or beverage responsible for producing characteristics tactile sensations on the surface of the oral cavity. It relates to density, viscosity, surface tension and other physical properties.

Body is defined as the quality of a food or beverage relating either to its consistency, compactness of texture, fullness, flavor or to a combination thereof.. It is difficult to separate mouthfeel and body.

If sugar is replaced by a nonnutritive or high-intensity sweetener such as aspartame or saccharin the consistency of the food will be watery and thin.

To prevent this, another substance has to be added to give the expected body or mouthfeel to the food.

For example addition of 1 ppm neohesperidine DC to an aspartame-sweetened cola beverage was describe as improved mouthfeel and body with more sucrose-like sweetness quality.

Modified starches or gums usually are added to such food products to give the desired consistency without addition of sugar.

The addition of gums to soft drinks sweetened with sugar substitutes to make the fluid feel as heavy in the mouth as if it were flavored with sugar.
Body and mouthfeel of sugar properties

Amino Acids Function in Our Body

Amino Acids Function in Our Body
Glycine
Glycine is utilized by the liver to detoxify certain components of foods, such as benzoic acid. It may also be involved in the synthesis of several body components, such as bile acids. Glutamic acid may act as a source material for the synthesis of other amino acids.

Histidine
Histidine is needed for growth and for repair of human tissues and is converted to a substance that stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach to facilitate gastric function.

Proline and hydrioxyproline
Proline and hydrioxyproline contain a structure found in hemoglobin (blood pigment) and in the cytochromes (compound essential for oxidation and reduction reactions in the body).

Arginine
Arginine is required for the detoxification of ammonia and amine resulting in the production of urea. It is often classified as nonessential because it can be synthesized from other amino acids in the body although, too often, in insufficient amounts.

Phenylalanine and tyrosine
Phenylalanine and tyrosine are used by the body to make the hormones adrenaline and thyroxine and are also involved in the formation of melanin, a pigment present in the skin, hair and part of the eye.

Tryptophan
Tryptophan is an amino acid from which a substance involved in the constriction of blood vessel is formed, and is present in components of blood involved in clotting.

Cystine, cysteine and methionine
Cystine, cysteine and methionine are source of a part of the structure of insulin and the keratin of hair and are involved with oxidation-reduction reactions in the body.

While protein eaten in excess of that required for growth or cellular repair may be utilized as a source of energy, it is not considered that they are efficiently utilized for this purpose.
Amino Acids Function in Our Body

Proteins

Proteins
Proteins are the chief organic constituents of muscles and other tissues. Proteins are the major components of the enzymes that regulate and carry out the general metabolism and functional process of living things.

Proteins are parts of the intracellular and intercellular structure of animals; they make up the structure and composition of many hormones and antibodies (disease related components)), and are concerned with many other factors to involved with body functions.

Proteins contain nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes sulfur and phosphorus. All proteins contain nitrogen at a level of about 16%. The analysis of proteins is determined indirectly by analyzing for protein nitrogen, then multiplying the result by 6.25 to determine the actual amount of protein analyzed.

Because proteins contain carbon, they can be used as fuel since part of the molecule can be oxidized, sometimes involving deamination, to supply energy.

Proteins are required by humans for growth (protein synthesis) and for repair and maintenance of cells. Since mature adults have, in essence, ceased to grow, their protein requirement is less, per unit weight, than that of those who are still growing.
Proteins